Many years ago, actually around twenty two, I came to believe in the eschatology of Preterism. Preterism is the teaching that the Judgement, the Resurrection and the Second Coming were all fulfilled in the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70. The longer I study the Bible, the more convinced I am that Preterism is true? I think that Preterism is an eschatology of hope, of victory. But when I share the Preterist view with others, the question that I am inevitably asked is, "If the Lord has already come back, then, 'Where is my hope?'"
If you are brave enough to talk to others about the Preterist view, you have most likely heard this question, "Where is my hope?" There seems to be a great confusion today about what the Church's hope is. Is our hope to be snatched physically off the face of the earth? I think that most Christians would say, "Yes!" So, when you tell them that the Second Coming is a past event, they feel as if they have lost their hope.
Does Preterism take away people's hope? Not at all, if anything, it strengthens our hope. And this is very important, because "hope" is very important. To say that Preterism destroys the hope of the Church is a very serious charge because: People Need Hope!
"Is there any hope?" That's what the parents wondered when the doctors said, "There's been an accident, and your 20-year-old son is paralyzed from the neck down, and we don't think we can do anything about it." Is there any hope ... for the married couple who seem to wind up at the same dead-end of unresolved conflict again and again; who worry that they might not make it?
Or what about the man who's fallen victim to alcohol or pornography or gambling or any of a number of addictive behaviors, the man who's in so deep he fears he'll never find a way out? Is there any hope for him?
Where is the hope for the mom-to-be who goes to her obstetrician for a routine checkup and hears, "I'm sorry. We can't find a heartbeat?" Or for the single mom who works a full-time job by day, serves as both mother and father by night and wonders to herself "How long can I keep this up?" Or the person who battles depression and anxiety? Or the man who stands by his wife's bedside as she lays dying?
Where is the hope for a generation of young people who seem to be an easy mark for drugs, sexually transmitted diseases, and the pain of a broken family?
Believers, to all of these we must say, "Yes, there is hope in Yeshua the Christ. People, as Christians, we can offer hope to the hopeless.
One writer expressed it this way, "Hope is an essential ingredient of life. A man works in hope, he saves in hope, he dies in hope. Every great religion, every political movement has offered hope." Another wrote, "A person can live 40 days without food, 4 days without water, 4 minutes without air, but only 4 seconds without hope." Hope is the power that keeps us going in the toughest times of life. It takes obstacles and transforms them into possibilities. Hope gives us the strength and courage we need to make the most out of life."
I'm sure that you understand the importance of hope. We must have hope, but it must not be a misplaced hope. If you remember, about 20 years ago 39 members of the cult known as "Heaven's Gate" took their own lives in the hope of linking up with a UFO that was supposedly traveling in the wake of the comet Hale-Bopp. This is a chilling example of misplaced hope. After their death, authorities discovered video tapes in which the leader of the cult described the hoped-for space encounter. Members came before the camera two at a time, side by side, to say their last good-byes. One woman said, "Maybe they're crazy for all I know, but I don't have any choice but to go for it because I've been on this planet for 31 years and there's nothing here for me."' As I read that statement it struck me: There's a woman, in desperate need of hope, who gave her very life for a hope that's no hope at all.
Listen to the perceptive analysis of Woody Allen, "More than any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroads. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness; the other to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly." What a terrible choice! I choose neither road. But Allen reflects the thinking of many today.
I read about an interesting Scientific experiment that was conducted a while back. A group of behavioral Scientists put some Wharf Rats in a tank of water, and observed them to see how long they would survive before drowning. The average time was 17 minutes. Then, they repeated the experiment, but this time they "rescued" the rats just before the point of drowning, dried them off and returned them to their cages, fed them, and let them play for a few days, and repeated the drowning experiment.
This time, the average survival time for these rats increased from 17 minutes to 36 hours! The Scientists explained that phenomenon by pointing out that the second time around, the rats had HOPE. They believed that they could survive this, because they had done so before.
So, we see that hope is very important. We need to have hope. So what Is HOPE? Let me give you the biblical definition of hope, because the word "hope" has come to have a different meaning today than that which was originally used in the New Testament. Today it indicates something of contingency; an expectancy that something will happen, but there is some question as to whether or not it will really occur. We say, "I hope it doesn't rain," or, "I hope I can make it to next payday," indicating some uneasiness or uncertainty about the future. But this is not the New Testament usage. In the New Testament it indicates an absolute certainty about the future, an attitude of eager expectancy, of confidence in God and His ability to do what He has promised. It is an attitude that says. "I have the resources in Yeshua to meet the world head-on."
When Christians hear about Preterism, they question, "Where is my hope," because they have been taught to believe that our hope is tied up in the Second Coming of Christ.
John Piper writes, "The blessed hope of all who believe is THE APPEARING OF OUR GREAT GOD AND SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST."
Jerry Falwell wrote, "Most born again Christians believe in the premillennial, pretribulational coming of Christ for all of His church. This is the blessed hope of the church. The anticipation of the imminent return of Christ to catch away His Bride is the one factor which distinguishes followers of Christ from all other inhabitants of this planet."
The Bible definitely teaches that the coming of Christ was a blessed hope:
waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Yeshua the Christ, Titus 2:13 ESV
Here is the problem— the Second coming of Christ was the hope of the first century church, but it is a hope that has been fulfilled. We live in a different age than the original recipients of the New Testament letters. All through the New Testament we see two ages in contrast: "This age," and the "age to come."
And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come. Matthew 12:32 ESV
The word "come" at the end of the verse is the Greek word mello, which means: " about to be." We could translate this: "the age about to come." About to come for whom? For the original audience, which was those in the first century.
far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. Ephesians 1:21 ESV
Here again, we see the two ages. So, the New Testament speaks of two ages, "this age," and "the age to come." The understanding of these two ages and when they changed is fundamental to interpreting the Bible and to understanding what our hope is today.
The New Testament writers lived in the age that they called "this age." To the New Testament writers, "the age to come" was future, but it was very near because "this age" was about to end.
Now these things happened to them as an example, but they were written down for our instruction, on whom the end of the ages has come. 1 Corinthians 10:11 ESV
Paul said very plainly that the end of the ages was coming upon them, the first century saints. "This age," was about to end.
The "this age" of the Bible was the Old Covenant age, the Jewish age. That age came to an end with the destruction of the temple in AD 70. So, the New Testament writers lived in what the Bible calls "this age." We live in what the Bible calls, "the age to come." In the first century, the "this age," the age of the Old Covenant, was fading away and ended completely when the Jewish temple was destroyed in AD 70. The "this age" of the Bible is now ancient history.
With this in mind, let's trace the word "hope" through the New Testament. We find several things that were the hope of the early church, those who lived in what the Bible calls, "this age." And let's see if the teaching of Preterism destroys any of these hopes.
In the New Testament, we find several things that were objects of hope:
1. The Second Coming:
waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Yeshua the Christ, Titus 2:13 ESV
Therefore, preparing your minds for action, and being sober-minded, set your hope fully on the grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Yeshua the Christ. 1 Peter 1:13 ESV
Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is. And everyone who thus hopes in him purifies himself as he is pure. 1 John 3:2-3 ESV
So, we see that the Second Coming was a hope to those who lived in "this age".
2. The Resurrection:
Paul clearly taught that the resurrection was the hope of Israel and the New Testament saints:
Now when Paul perceived that one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, "Brothers, I am a Pharisee, a son of Pharisees. It is with respect to the hope and the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial." Acts 23:6 ESV
having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust. Acts 24:15 ESV
For this reason, therefore, I have asked to see you and speak with you, since it is because of the hope of Israel that I am wearing this chain." Acts 28:20 ESV
And now I stand here on trial because of my hope in the promise made by God to our fathers, to which our twelve tribes hope to attain, as they earnestly worship night and day. And for this hope I am accused by Jews, O king! Why is it thought incredible by any of you that God raises the dead? Acts 26:6-8 ESV
It is clear from verse 6 that Paul sees the resurrection of the dead as that which fulfills, "my hope in the promise made by God to our fathers."
3. Righteousness was a hope of the New Testament church:
For through the Spirit, by faith, we ourselves eagerly wait for the hope of righteousness. Galatians 5:5 ESV
4. Salvation was a hope of the New Testament church:
But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, having put on the breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet the hope of salvation. 1 Thessalonians 5:8 ESV
5. Eternal life was a hope of the New Testament church:
in hope of eternal life, which God, who never lies, promised before the ages began Titus 1:2 ESV
so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Titus 3:7 ESV
Now, if we were to tell people that we have eternal life, salvation, and righteousness right now, would they ask us, "Where is my hope?" No, because they believe they have those things now. But eternal life, salvation, and righteousness were all a hope of those who lived in "this age." Eternal life, salvation, and righteousness became the full possession of the church at the Second Coming, which happened at the end of the Old Covenant age.
At the end of the Old Covenant age in AD 70, which was the last day (of the Old Covenant), several things happened:
1. Christ returned:
I charge you in the presence of God and of Christ Yeshua, who is to judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom: 2 Timothy 4:1 ESV
"Who is to"— is mello: who is about to come.
For, "Yet a little while, and the coming one will come and will not delay; Hebrews 10:37 ESV
2. The resurrection occurred:
Martha said to him, "I know that he will rise again in the resurrection on the last day." John 11:24 ESV
This was the "last day" of "this age," "the age to come" has no last days. So, the resurrection was to happen at the end of the Old Covenant age when the Lord returned.
3. The judgment occurred:
Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age. Matthew 13:40 ESV
Since the "this age" of the Bible ended in AD 70 with the destruction of the Temple and the Coming of the Lord, we must be in "the age to come." And if we are in "the age to come," then Christ has already returned, the Resurrection has already happened and the Judgement of the nations has taken place.
Notice what Yeshua said the believers would receive in the age to come:
Yeshua said, "Truly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or lands, for my sake and for the gospel, who will not receive a hundredfold now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life. Mark 10:29-30 ESV
As we saw, eternal life was a "hope" to those who lived in "this age" but it is a present possession of all believers in the "age to come," which is the New Covenant age.
Now, since the Second Coming, the Resurrection, the Judgement, Eternal life, Salvation and Righteousness have already come, why should they be our hope? You don't hope for what you have:
For in this hope we were saved. Now hope that is seen is not hope. For who hopes for what he sees? But if we hope for what we do not see, we wait for it with patience. Romans 8:24-25 ESV
As Preterists, we are not taking hope away; we are saying it is fulfilled. We have as a present possession what the early church hoped for. Have is way better than hope.
So, What Is Our Hope Today?
To those who do not believe in Yeshua, there is no hope:
remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world. Ephesians 2:12 ESV
But for all of us who have placed our trust in Yeshua, our hope is heaven. Remember what we said: "Biblical hope is not finger-crossing. It is a confident expectation of good things to come."
For we know that if the earthly tent which is our house is torn down, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 2 Corinthians 5:1 NASB
Now whether you take the "tent" here to refer to the Old Covenant body or the physical body really doesn't matter for our purposes here, maybe it's both. The idea is that our home is in heaven. Believer, some day we will physically die, and when that happens, we will not go out of existence, and we will not go to the Lake of fire, we will go to heaven. This is our hope, to leave this physical world and it's trials and hardships and to dwell in heaven with our Lord. Our hope (hope meaning: "absolute certainty about the future") is that when we leave this body at death, we will be with the Lord in Heaven.
Those who are familiar with the Tanakh will remember the story of the visit of the Queen of Sheba with Solomon. The Queen of Sheba had heard of Solomon's greatness and glory and wisdom. Her subjects had tried to give her an idea of what it was like. They spoke vividly and strongly of Solomon's glory. But she simply could not believe it. So we read, in 1 Kings 10, that she determined to go see for herself. When she came, she listened to the wisdom of Solomon, who told her all that was in her heart. She asked him many different questions and she saw all of his glory, his apparel, and all the things attending his kingdom. And beholding all the glory of king Solomon, she exclaimed:
Then she said to the king, "It was a true report which I heard in my own land about your words and your wisdom. "Nevertheless I did not believe the reports, until I came and my eyes had seen it. And behold, the half was not told me. You exceed in wisdom and prosperity the report which I heard. 1 Kings 10:6-7 NASB
"The half was not told me"— that will be the experience of those who go to heaven. The half of what heaven is cannot be told to you.
Where Is Heaven?
In answer to that, the Bible tells us that heaven is spiritual. Heaven is real; only it is in a different realm than that of the earth. We read in the Bible of the heavenly realm and of the earthly realm. The earthly realm is the realm of the physical, the material, the visible to our eyes, the realm that we can see, touch, smell, hear, and taste.
Heaven, on the other hand, is spiritual. It is heavenly. We cannot see it with these eyes. We cannot hear it with our present ears. We cannot feel it with our hands. We cannot taste or smell it. Heaven is not made of anything of this earth. Paul told the Greek philosophers:
"The God who made the world and all things in it, since He is Lord of heaven and earth, does not dwell in temples made with hands; Acts 17:24 NASB
Paul said this while standing before the Greek philosophers on Mars' Hill. The Greeks had made houses of stone for their gods. And they would give their gods various gifts: fruits and meat to eat. Perhaps the ancient idolaters would even provide their idol gods with swords and canoes and all sorts of equipment for the after-life. They conceived of the realm of the gods in terms of this earthly life. And Paul says, That is not the case; it is folly. Heaven is spiritual. Heaven is the place created by the eternal and the living God. It is the place where the angels live. It is the place, as we read in Hebrews, where the spirits of just men made perfect now dwell. It is a sanctuary, and it is glorious.
The difference between the heavenly and the earthly, the Bible tells us, is in terms of glory. Heaven is exalted. Heaven is high and lifted up—not in the physical sense, not that it is higher in altitude. But it is high, lifted up in majesty, lifted up in the glory of God, lifted up in the holiness of God. We read in Psalm 113:
Who is like the LORD our God, Who is enthroned on high, Psalms 113:5 NASB
We read in Isaiah:
For thus says the high and exalted One Who lives forever, whose name is Holy, "I dwell on a high and holy place, And also with the contrite and lowly of spirit In order to revive the spirit of the lowly And to revive the heart of the contrite. Isaiah 57:15 NASB
And again, in Isaiah 63, we read,
Look down from heaven and see from Your holy and glorious habitation; Where are Your zeal and Your mighty deeds? The stirrings of Your heart and Your compassion are restrained toward me. Isaiah 63:15 NASB
Heaven is the place of God's holiness and glory. Heaven is pure, holy, glorious. God must give you new eyes before you can see it.
What Is Heaven? Everywhere the Bible answers: Heaven is God's dwelling place. It is the place where we shall have perfect fellowship with the living and true God. That truth is like a golden thread running throughout all of the Scriptures. Repeatedly, we are told that heaven is exactly this: It is God's dwelling. It is where God's presence is fully revealed, and God's presence is fully enjoyed, at least as much as a creature can ever enjoy the blessed fellowship of the living God.
The Bible uses these terms to describe heaven: Thy holy habitation, Thy dwelling place, His holy dwelling, the height of His sanctuary. It speaks of God who dwells in the heavens. Heaven is the dwelling place of God, where the intimate life of God and life with God is to be enjoyed. The word "dwell" is such a rich word. It means much more than simply to live. When you say that this is where I dwell, you are not saying simply that that is where you are. But the word "dwell" conveys the idea of fellowship. Where you dwell is where you reveal who you are. You open up. You show your love, you share the intimate parts of your life. So, heaven is God's dwelling, the place where the presence and fellowship, the love and grace of God are made known. That is what makes heaven heaven. That is all the glory of heaven, the things that we cannot imagine. Notice what Paul says of heaven:
Boasting is necessary, though it is not profitable; but I will go on to visions and revelations of the Lord. I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago—whether in the body I do not know, or out of the body I do not know, God knows—such a man was caught up to the third heaven. And I know how such a man—whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows— was caught up into Paradise and heard inexpressible words, which a man is not permitted to speak. 2 Corinthians 12:1-4 NASB
The Bible does not tell us much about heaven; not only because right now it is beyond our ability to comprehend, but also because God wants us to understand that heaven, as to its very heart, is God's dwelling. There is one central thing that makes heaven so blessed, so majestic, so awful in its splendor. That one thing is this: we shall see God.
That, believer, is our hope— heaven. According to 1 Thessalonians, when we die we will be taken to meet the Lord in the air, and so shall we ever be with the Lord. What a glorious hope that is.
Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. 1 Thessalonians 4:17 NASB
The words "caught up" are the Greek word harpazo, it means: "to snatch away." This is where the word "rapture" comes from. But certainly being "caught up" means something different than a levitation of the physical body from earth up into the atmosphere of the sky. Harpazo refers to the Christian being "caught up" without the body.
It is not the physical body that is raptured. It is the Christian himself who is raptured as he leaves his body behind at physical death and moves into the spiritual realm. The dead believers were resurrected when Christ returned, and all other Christians would be caught up at their physical death.
What greater hope could we have than to be taken to heaven to dwell with Christ for all eternity? This is the present day hope of the church, and Preterism does not deny it, but strongly affirms it.
Believers, we won't escape physical death—everybody dies:
And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment, Hebrews 9:27 NASB
But when we do die physically, we will move into the heavenly realm where we will live forever with the Lord! What a blessed hope